Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Procedury publikacyjne
Published:
01-03-2024
Articles
-
A Half-Tone on the Actuality of Mercantilism
In a curious but stimulating way, the scientific themes and the recommendations which result from them can, sometimes, find an echo through the centuries. This is the case with mercantilism, which is finding renewed relevance both in university circles and among many responsible for economic policy. When we compare the historical contexts, the forms taken and the ideas propagated, it is nevertheless necessary to admit that the similarities are to be qualified.(original abstract)
-
Knowledge Management in International Supply Chains
Recently the management of supply chains tends to be oriented at gaining flexibility to changing market conditions, increasing the value delivered to customers or a reduction in operating costs. Internationally supply chain management is supplemented with a large variety of markets and long distances to come which raises new challenges. To deal with it enterpreneurs need to develop new business models based on knowledge. In leading edge supply chains knowledge management has become one of the most important processes. The aim of the article is to analyze the results of research on knowledge management in international supply chains, which was carried out in 2012. The study involved international supply chains at least partially functioning in Poland. The most crucial task was to observe whether and how approaches to knowledge management differ at different stages of supply chain maturity. Therefore, the results were associated with the evaluation of supply chain maturity level according to Poirier's model. Research results allow to look positively at supply chains at the initial stage of improvement - they already show great awareness and considerable commitment in the field of knowledge management. Knowledge management in supply chains characterized by higher levels of maturity requires development, also in the field of collective knowledge management, which has already become their practice. It is now important to confront these research results with the reality that in recent years has revealed advances in knowledge management methods in supply chains, and to pursue new, inspiring research avenues.(original abstract)
-
Urbanisation and CO2 Emissions in Africa: do Governance Matter?
This paper determines how good governance complements or counteracts urbanisation in the fight of environmental degradation, including the reduction of CO2 emissions, for 45 African countries over the period 2000-2014. Governance is measured through the six dimensions of the Kaufman governance indicators. Urbanisation is assessed by the urbanisation rate, which refers to the urban population as a proportion of the total population. The empirical evidence is based on the two-stage generalized method of moments (GMM), which eliminates simultaneity bias and considers cross-country variations. Overall, the results show that good governance has a significant effect on reducing CO2 emissions. It is a means to mitigate the potential effect of urbanisation on environmental degradation. The results recommend that governance must be consider in urbanisation policies to achieve a clean environment.(original abstract)
-
Impact of Covid-19 on the Unemployment Rate: Empirical Application on Eighteen MENA Countries
The consequences of the COVID-19 which devastated our planet was disastrous in terms of health and economic situation. The purpose of this article is to study the repercussions of the days of lockdown and the human capital index on the unemployment rate, in general and on young people in particular. The study covers eighteen countries in the MENA region. The econometric results have shown that the human capital index has a negative impact on the overall unemployment rate and on young people specifically. These results also indicated that strict confinement measures increase unemployment rate, unlike soft confinement ones.(original abstract)
-
Empirical Investigation of the Public Debt Non-Linear Effects on Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) Countries in a Context of Re-Indebtedness: the Case of Heavily Indebted Poor Countries
This paper analyzes the non-linear effects of public debt on economic growth in heavily indebted poor countries of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in a context of re-indebtedness. The methodology adopted is based on a non-linear dynamic panel model with a threshold effect (First Difference Generalized Method of Moments (FD-GMM)). The period covered is from 2010 to 2019. The results after estimations reveal the existence of a threshold of 58,21% below which the stock of debt has a significant positive impact on economic growth and above which public debt has a significant negative impact on economic growth. In parallel to this first order result, we also find that variables such as trade openness and inflation improve economic growth below the critical debt threshold.(original abstract)
-
Globalization and Women's Employability in Sub-Saharan Africa
The objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of globalization on female employment in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator was used in the econometric approach based on panel data from 39 sub-Saharan African countries covering the period 1995-2018. For further analysis, the sample was divided into four subgroups of regions including Central, Eastern, Western and Southern regions of sub-Saharan Africa. The results of the estimations reveal that globalization measured by the rate of openness and the flow of foreign direct investment significantly affects women's employment. This effect is positive for the openness rate and negative for foreign direct investment. This can be explained by the high representation of women in the informal sector whose main activity is trade. The results also show a significant effect of socio-economic variables, particularly the gross domestic product. Policymakers, in their efforts to stimulate economic growth, must put in place policies and programs that promote trade liberalization and women's empowerment.(original abstract)
-
Diversification of Exports and Vulnerability of the Economies of Sub-Saharan African Countries: Role of Dependence on Natural Resources
Export diversification in Africa is a topic of great interest, but its impact on economic vulnerability has not been sufficiently studied. Using a dynamic and panel threshold effects, this article examines the role of natural resource dependence in the relationship between diversification and economic vulnerability within a sample of 22 countries of the sub-Saharan Africa. We consider the modified Finger-Kreinin index and the share of manufactured exports in total exports as a measure of export diversification. Our results show that export diversification is a means of substantially reducing the level of economic vulnerability to which countries' economies are exposed. However, its effect on reducing the level of economic vulnerability is effective for a level of natural resource dependence below 38.7%. These results imply that it is important to take into account the threshold thus identified in the reorientation of their diversification policy based on a strategy of regional integration.(original abstract)
-
Effects of Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Inflows on Unemployment in West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) Member Countries
The objective of this paper was to measure the effect of trade openness and foreign direct investment inflows (FDI) on unemployment in WAEMU countries. To do so, the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model in panel was used. The results show that there is a bidirectional causality between FDI and trade openness, FDI and unemployment, and a unidirectional causality of unemployment on trade openness. Furthermore, the robust results show that FDI inflows reduce unemployment and thus promote job creation in WAEMU member countries. In addition, the analysis shows that trade openness and FDI inflows increase youth employment (15-24 years old) and encourage migration from vulnerable jobs to less vulnerable jobs.(original abstract)
-
Impact of Regulatory Policies on Job Creation in Developing Countries
The objective of this paper is to study the effects of labor market regulation policies on the allocation of labor. Specifically, it aims to highlight the effects of regulatory policies on the choice of kind of job, taking into account market segmentation and barriers to entry into the formal sector. To do so, we used the fourth Cameroon Household Survey (ECAM 4) and a self-selection model. The results show that individual and institutional factors are responsible for the misallocation of labor between the formal and informal sectors. Thus, we find that women and youth preference for informal jobs is involuntary because it is constrained by the existence of barriers to entry to the labor market. These results suggest that there is a certain amount of regulatory flexibility to increase the level of formal employment, even to transform informal jobs into formal jobs.(original abstract)
-
Early Marriage, Early Pregnancy and Adolescent Schooling
School dropout among young girls remains a major concern in Mali. According to the Modular and Permanent Household Survey, 9.7% of girls drop out of school for reasons attributable to early marriage and pregnancy. In light of this finding, this study aimed to analyze the effects of early marriage and pregnancy on the schooling of adolescents by identifying the obstacles to school completion for adolescents and analyzing their links with marriage/pregnancy. This research adopted a descriptive and analytical approach. The analytical component involved a logistic regression using secondary data from the surveys. The results show that child marriage through early cohabitation of the girl with her husband and household size have negative effects on the probability of completion to secondary school. In contrast, the female gender of the household head, the household's standard of living, and the husband's level of education have significant positive effects on the likelihood of completion through high school by the girl.(original abstract)
-
Effect of Financial Inclusion on Multidimensional Poverty in Togo
This article examines the effect of financial inclusion on poverty from the perspective of the multidimensional deprivations of individuals in Togo. Using data extracted from the Finscope survey database, an instrumental variable probit model is used for econometric estimations. The results show that a 1% increase in the probability of financial inclusion is associated with a 3.5% decrease in the multidimensional poverty index (MPI) in Togo. The effect is more pronounced in women and in individuals living in urban areas. Government investment and financial sector regulation will be a necessary step to strengthen financial inclusion in Togo.(original abstract)
-
Impact of Remittances from Migrants on the Health Expenditure of Recipient Households in Togo
This study aims to analyze the effect of migrant remittances on the health expenditure of recipient households in Togo. The consequences of the migratory flows of recent years in developing countries do not spare Togo. One wonders about the effects that this phenomenon can have on the daily lives of households. To achieve this goal, we used the propensity score matching model using data from the 2015 Unified Questionnaire of Core Indicators of Well-being survey. The results show that remittances have a positive impact on the use of modern rather than traditional health services and these also have a positive impact on the use of public health services. One of the major recommendations of our results therefore militates in favour of facilitating the procedures for transferring migrants to migrants in Togo.(original abstract)
-
Geostatistical Analysis and Mapping of Malaria Risk in Children under 5 Years Old in Togo
The objective of this research is to analyze the geostatistical and cartographic determinants of malaria risk among children under 5 years of age in Togo. Using a geostatistical model and data from the 2017 MIS survey in Togo, the results reveal that children of uneducated mothers have a higher malaria prevalence than those of educated mothers. The general trend observed is that households living in urban areas have a lower prevalence of malaria compared to those living in rural areas. The prevalence of malaria among children under five years old decreases with increasing household wealth. Malaria prevalence was also positively associated with vegetation index and minimum temperature. Thus, these results suggest the need for effective and efficient public health interventions in high-risk areas. In addition, the determinants of malaria spatial distribution identified in this study together with the established malaria risk maps could be used in the implementation of malaria control programs and policies to define priority intervention areas.(original abstract)
